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Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 200
Just know, when you truly want success, you’ll never give up on it. No matter how bad the situation may get. Keep your head up and keep on fighting!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: Less than 300
Just know, when you truly want success, you’ll never give up on it. No matter how bad the situation may get. Keep your head up and keep on fighting!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: Less than 330
You’re on the right track. Take your time to reflect on your performance and how you can improve your scores the next time around. Carefully review these solutions, learn from your mistakes and understand the intricacies of each question. You’re going in the correct direction and you’ll only go up from here!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 340
You’re on the right track. Take your time to reflect on your performance and how you can improve your scores the next time around. Carefully review these solutions, learn from your mistakes and understand the intricacies of each question. You’re going in the correct direction and you’ll only go up from here!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 370
You’re on the right track. Take your time to reflect on your performance and how you can improve your scores the next time around. Carefully review these solutions, learn from your mistakes and understand the intricacies of each question. You’re going in the correct direction and you’ll only go up from here!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 390
You’re doing a good job! Keep working on it and you’ll soon see your score in the 20’s. Take your time in understanding your mistakes and in carefully reviewing these solutions and learning from the intricacies of each question.
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 410
Good going! You are really getting to where you need to be. Keep it going! Take your time in understanding your mistakes and in carefully reviewing these solutions and understanding the intricacies of each question. Your goal should be to beat your 410 on the next test! Every point you get correct will get you closer to the perfect 600!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 430
Good going! You are really getting to where you need to be. Keep it going! Keep on working on it and you’ll soon see your score in the 500’s. Take your time in understanding your mistakes and in carefully reviewing these solutions and understanding the intricacies of each question. Your goal should be to beat your 430 on the next test!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 450
Awesome job! Keep it up and you’ll soon be in the 500’s. Learn from your mistakes and strategize on how you’ll beat your 450!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 470
Awesome job! You did it! You really outdid yourself today. What can we do differently on the next exam to get yourself up to 500? Lets do it!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 500
Impressive! You hit 500! Now let’s push you up to the perfect 600!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 540
You rocked it! That was quite an accomplishment!
Estimated PCAT Biology Score: 570 or higher
You are a rockstar! We tip our hats to you!
Which of the following enzymes is not involved in deoxyribonucleic acid replication?
The gastric juice that is secreted by the stomach during digestion, contains which of the following?
The spindle apparatus appears during what stage of mitosis?
4.
In the male reproductive system, sperm is stored in which of the following structures before it is ready for release from the body?
Leptin
Leptin is an adipokine that is involved in regulating appetite and hunger control in animals. The 16 kDa molecule functions by binding to its receptor. The leptin receptor, LEP-R is encoded by the LEPR gene, and it found on neurons throughout the brain. Despite knowledge of the whereabouts of the receptors, the function of leptin signaling in the various regions of the brain is still unclear.
To gain an understanding of the hormone’s activity, a study was performed in LEPR knockout mice. The mice were generated using the Cre-recombinase ablation technique. Cre-recombinase was selectively expressed in the hindbrain under the control of the paired-like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) promoter (Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice). When fed on a normal feeding cycle, the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice were hyperphagic, demonstrated augmented food intake after fasting, and gained weight at a quicker rate than the wild-type mice used as controls.
Figure 1. Elevated metabolic rates of PC flox mice is normalized during fasting.
A surprising observation of the study was that the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice also exhibited an increased metabolic rate without a change in locomotor activity, and this activity was dependent on food intake. When tested for glucose and insulin abnormalities, the mice mirrored the wild-type mice with their test results.
Where is the LEP-R receptor most likely to be found in the neurons?
Leptin
Leptin is an adipokine that is involved in regulating appetite and hunger control in animals. The 16 kDa molecule functions by binding to its receptor. The leptin receptor, LEP-R is encoded by the LEPR gene, and it found on neurons throughout the brain. Despite knowledge of the whereabouts of the receptors, the function of leptin signaling in the various regions of the brain is still unclear.
To gain an understanding of the hormone’s activity, a study was performed in LEPR knockout mice. The mice were generated using the Cre-recombinase ablation technique. Cre-recombinase was selectively expressed in the hindbrain under the control of the paired-like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) promoter (Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice). When fed on a normal feeding cycle, the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice were hyperphagic, demonstrated augmented food intake after fasting, and gained weight at a quicker rate than the wild-type mice used as controls.
Figure 1. Elevated metabolic rates of PC flox mice is normalized during fasting.
A surprising observation of the study was that the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice also exhibited an increased metabolic rate without a change in locomotor activity, and this activity was dependent on food intake. When tested for glucose and insulin abnormalities, the mice mirrored the wild-type mice with their test results.
An alternative to using the Cre-recombinase technique in the study is
Leptin
Leptin is an adipokine that is involved in regulating appetite and hunger control in animals. The 16 kDa molecule functions by binding to its receptor. The leptin receptor, LEP-R is encoded by the LEPR gene, and it found on neurons throughout the brain. Despite knowledge of the whereabouts of the receptors, the function of leptin signaling in the various regions of the brain is still unclear.
To gain an understanding of the hormone’s activity, a study was performed in LEPR knockout mice. The mice were generated using the Cre-recombinase ablation technique. Cre-recombinase was selectively expressed in the hindbrain under the control of the paired-like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) promoter (Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice). When fed on a normal feeding cycle, the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice were hyperphagic, demonstrated augmented food intake after fasting, and gained weight at a quicker rate than the wild-type mice used as controls.
Figure 1. Elevated metabolic rates of PC flox mice is normalized during fasting.
A surprising observation of the study was that the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice also exhibited an increased metabolic rate without a change in locomotor activity, and this activity was dependent on food intake. When tested for glucose and insulin abnormalities, the mice mirrored the wild-type mice with their test results.
All of the following secondary structures are observed in the structure except
Leptin
Leptin is an adipokine that is involved in regulating appetite and hunger control in animals. The 16 kDa molecule functions by binding to its receptor. The leptin receptor, LEP-R is encoded by the LEPR gene, and it found on neurons throughout the brain. Despite knowledge of the whereabouts of the receptors, the function of leptin signaling in the various regions of the brain is still unclear.
To gain an understanding of the hormone’s activity, a study was performed in LEPR knockout mice. The mice were generated using the Cre-recombinase ablation technique. Cre-recombinase was selectively expressed in the hindbrain under the control of the paired-like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) promoter (Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice). When fed on a normal feeding cycle, the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice were hyperphagic, demonstrated augmented food intake after fasting, and gained weight at a quicker rate than the wild-type mice used as controls.
Figure 1. Elevated metabolic rates of PC flox mice is normalized during fasting.
A surprising observation of the study was that the Phox2b Cre Leprflox/flox mice also exhibited an increased metabolic rate without a change in locomotor activity, and this activity was dependent on food intake. When tested for glucose and insulin abnormalities, the mice mirrored the wild-type mice with their test results.
The region of the brain that is most likely targeted by the activity of leptin is the
Post-translational modification of proteins takes place in which of the following organelles?
In renal physiology, the structure of the kidney in which urine is concentrated is called the